Non-surgical treatments for disc problems range from exercise to image-guided injections. Most people improve with the first steps; injections are for pain that persists.
| Treatment | Evidence | Typical relief |
|---|---|---|
| Stem cellsRecommended | Growing clinical evidence, including randomised trials | 12 months+ in small studies |
| Physiotherapy | Strong | Long term |
| Sciatica exercises | Good | Ongoing |
| Epidural steroid injection | Moderate | Weeks to months |
| PRP | Small trials | Months, varies |
See the evidence table for sources.




